Ash Pampati, SVP and Head of Ecosystem at the Aptos Foundation, says blockchains need to stop treating quantum computing as a distant threat.
Aptos is a Layer 1 blockchain originally incubated at Meta, where engineers spent three years and hundreds of millions of dollars building decentralized infrastructure before spinning out as an independent network.
Quantum computing is fundamentally a highly advanced stage of computing that could one day break the cryptography securing most blockchain networks, potentially exposing the private keys that control users’ funds.
When asked by TheStreet Roundtable whether the threat was five years out, ten years, or longer, Pampati didn’t hedge.
“AI, AGI, quantum, all of these things are coming. Blockchains have always been sources of truth as an open and transparent ledger. The moment you kind of break that or are able to break that, a lot of things fall apart,” Pampati said at Consensus Miami.
The stakes, he argued, stretch well beyond crypto companies. “Not just technology companies that are building in blockchain, but this real new primitive that can actually help scale and move across geopolitical spectrums to connect money and people,” he added.
On timelines, he was blunt. “I think we’re being always too conservative when we say how far out it is. I would always think it’s sooner than we think.”
Already building, not waiting
Pampati framed Aptos’ approach to emerging threats as a matter of conviction, not just investment.
“When we say that investment number, it is an investment, but it’s also conviction. And so we have different layers of conviction at the stack. First is research. Research is entirely important to actually dictate the new primitives that will be required by these new use cases,” he said.
That research investment has already drawn external validation. Coinbase’s Quantum Advisory Board named Aptos in April as one of only two Layer 1 blockchains best positioned for post-quantum security.
“That’s because we invest in research and we believe that’s what is required for our infrastructure,” Pampati said.
The network already has an accepted upgrade proposal — AIP-137 — that adds a quantum-resistant signature scheme standardized by NIST, the U.S. agency that sets cryptographic standards. The upgrade is opt-in: users can switch without changing their wallet address or moving assets, and it can run alongside existing protections in hybrid mode.
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Beyond research, Pampati said Aptos is bringing application development in-house rather than delegating to third parties. “If we’re onboarding the next million billion users or institutions, you can’t really be irresponsible with who you’re delegating to manage that level of severity where you’re managing money and you’re managing the flow of money,” he said.
On the trading side, that conviction produced Decibel, a fully decentralized exchange incubated within Aptos.
“We’ve now built an integrated stack with Aptos Decibel, where users can actually just plug into that without having to worry about the risk, the vaults, the security, and just go acquire users,” Pampati said.
On the AI infrastructure side, Aptos is building Shelby, a global data layer connecting distributed compute capacity — a “completely different type of customer and enterprise customer, but an amazing development layer that we can start to build a robust ecosystem around,” he added.
A growing chorus of concern
Aptos is not preparing in isolation. Google’s Quantum AI team published research in March showing future quantum computers could break blockchain cryptography with fewer resources than previously estimated.
Fidelity Digital Assets reached similar conclusions in a separate report. Most blockchain networks have not yet proposed concrete post-quantum upgrades, Aptos’ approach of building the fix now and activating it through governance when needed puts it ahead of the field.
